Beta 2 microglobulin b2m is a protein that is found on the surface of almost all cells in the body and is shed by cells into the blood, particularly by b lymphocytes and tumour cells. Beta2 microglobulin is a lowmolecularweight protein that forms the heavy chains component of class i histocompatibility hla. Association with beta 2microglobulin is generally required for the transport of class i heavy chains. Elevated urine beta2 microglobulin, low serum calcium, phosphate, and potassium were identified in 100% of patients n 18, most occurring within 100 months. The other 3 include alpha 1, alpha 2, and alpha 3 see second image below. The criteria for no significant interference is recovery within 10% of the initial value. Increased values in cerebrospinal fluid csf are ascribed to an activation of immune system.
Although these studies used different cutoff values 2. This structure allows all nucleated cells to expose selfantigens out of the cytoplasmic membrane, enabling the immune system of the individual to recognize the cell as self. Beta2 microglobulin b2m levels increase during infection with some viruses, including hiv. Beta2 microglobulin b2m is a protein that is found on the surface of almost all cells in the body and is shed by cells into the blood, particularly by b lymphocytes and tumor cells. Exogenously applied rculosis esxa or esxaesxb or esxa expressed in host binds b2m and decreases its export to the cell surface total protein levels do not change, probably leading to defects in class i antigen presentation pubmed. Beta 2 microglobulin concentration reported in mcgml. A protein found on the surface of many cells, including white blood cells. Beta2 microglobulin is a protein that is found on the surface of almost all cells nucleated cells in your body and functions as part of the human immune system.
Sep 05, 2014 the reference range of beta 2 microglobulin in urine samples is 00. M is a small globular peptide with a molecular weight of 11800 da. It associates with 3 alphachains, stabilizing the binding groove. Association with beta 2 microglobulin is generally required for the transport of class i heavy chains from the endoplasmic reticulum to the cell surface. Involved in the presentation of peptide antigens to the immune system. Its concentration increases in various pathologies. Beta 2 microglobulin is not diagnostic of a given disease but is usually an indicator of disease severity, e. Using immunoturbidimetry, we examined concentrations of beta2 microglobulin in cerebrospinal fluid in a large group of 6274 patients with defined. Also valuable in assessing for chronic severe inflammatory and renal diseases. The implication and significance of beta 2 microglobulin. Apr 14, 2010 beta 2 micro globulin is a component molecule of the cells in the human body. The randox beta2 microglobulin reagent can comfortably detect levels outside of this range with a measuring range of 0. Levin beta2 microglobulin is the most widely studied lowmolecularweight protein in endstage renal disease.
Like many other markers for diseases, the beta 2 micro globulin does. A local inflammatory reaction to beta2microglobulin beta2m amyloid deposits by monocytesmacrophages is a characteristic histologic feature of dialysisrelated amyloidosis dra. Dr lal pathlabs offers home collection booking service for beta 2 microglobulin serum to test for disorders of kidney. Levels of beta 2 microglobulin have a prognostic relevance. Evaluation of renal tubular toxicity, immune disorders, and lymphoid malignancies. Levels of beta 2 microglobulin have a prognostic relevance for patients with myelodysplastic syndrome with regard to survival and the risk. Beta 2 microglobulin b2m is a protein that is found on the surface of nucleated cells contain a nucleus and functions as part of the human immune system. Beta2microglobulin b2m is a protein that is found on the surface of almost all cells in the body and is shed by cells into the blood, particularly by b lymphocytes and tumour cells. Beta2 microglobulin b2m is a protein that is found on the surface of nucleated cells contain a nucleus and functions as part of the human immune system. It is known to cause dialysisrelated amyloidosis dra, by virtue of its retention when. Systemic lupus erythematosus sle is an autoimmune disease with periods of flares and remissions. We evaluated the relevance of beta 2 microglobulin b2m plasma concentration in 109 patients with myelodysplastic syndrome mds from the duesseldorf registry. Recombinant human beta 2microglobulin protein h00000567. Commonlyused inflammatory markers such as sedimentation rate esr and creactive protein are nonspecific and unreliable.
In serum or plasma samples, the reference range is 03 gml. Apr 28, 2020 component of the class i major histocompatibility complex mhc. View details of cost of test, pre test information and. Beta 2 micro globulin is a component molecule of the cells in the human body. A study conducted in china that included patients with nasal enktl demonstrated that baseline serum b2m is an independent prognostic factor for pfs and os, and this. Serum beta 2 microglobulin, an endogenous marker for renal function, has been shown to be an independent predictor of mortality in older adults. Beta2 microglobulin is the most widely studied lowmolecularweight protein in endstage renal disease. The b2m test can be used as a tumor marker for some people with blood cell cancers multiple myeloma, lymphoma to give information about their likely prognosis. This protein is routinely shed by cells into the blood and is present in most body fluids, with highest levels in the blood, generally lower levels in spinal fluid, and trace levels in urine. Serum beta2microglobulin values among healthy brazilians. This test measures b2m in the blood, urine, or rarely in.
May 03, 2020 a protein found on the surface of many cells, including white blood cells. Sep 25, 2014 beta2 microglobulin is synthesized in all nucleated cells and forms the light chain subunit of the major histocompatibility complex class i antigen. A local inflammatory reaction to beta 2 microglobulin beta 2 m amyloid deposits by monocytesmacrophages is a characteristic histologic feature of dialysisrelated amyloidosis dra. After the needle is inserted, a small amount of blood will be collected into a test. Testing is done primarily when evaluating a person for certain kinds of cancer affecting white blood cells including chronic lymphocytic leukemia, nonhodgkins lymphoma, and multiple myeloma or kidney disease. Serum levels are therefore an index of glomerular function. Certain characteristics of b2m make it suitable for detecting tumor cells, especially in blood and kidney cells.
Beta 2 microglobulin is the most widely studied lowmolecularweight protein in endstage renal disease. Levels of sb 2 m are elevated in human immunodeficiency virus hivinfected patients and have been shown to be the best predictor of hiv infection status and of some malignant disorders, especially multiple myeloma. Beta2microglobulin as a diagnostic marker in cerebrospinal. Beta 2 microglobulin is an 11 kda protein associated with the outer membrane of many cells including lymphocytes. Beta 2 microglobulin b2m is a protein shed by cells into the blood, including tumor cells. It migrates in beta 2 region on electrophoresis and has a molecular weight of 11. Elevated urine beta 2 microglobulin, low serum calcium, phosphate, and potassium were identified in 100% of patients n 18, most occurring within 100 months. This feature of the beta 2 micro globulin makes it useful in the diagnosis of various types of diseases. We use cookies to give you the best possible experience on our website. It is identical to the light chain of the major histocompatibility complex mhc antigen hla 5.
By continuing to use this site you consent to the use of cookies on your device as described in our cookie policy unless you have disabled them. It is known to cause dialysisrelated amyloidosis dra, by virtue of its retention when renal function fails. Lee biosolutions is the leading producer and supplier of recombinant beta2 microglobulin b2m for use in medical research and manufacturing of clinical diagnostic assays. Interpretation depends on the specific clinical indication and context. The characteristics of b2m make it useful as a tumor marker for some blood cell cancers, for detecting kidney damage, and for distinguishing between glomerular and tubular disorders of the kidney. Beta2 microglobulin an overview sciencedirect topics. It is one of two polypeptide chains that make up the structure of a major histocompatibility complex mhc class i molecule. Beta2 microglobulin b2m is a naturally occurring protein in the human body.
B2m also has been used to evaluate kidney function following a kidney. The small size allows beta 2 m to pass through the glomerular membrane, but it is almost completely reabsorbed in the proximal tubules. Beta2 microglobulin is involved in the composition of mhc class 1 molecules. The cumulative incidence of renal tubular dysfunction reach 90% by 6 years of deferasirox therapy, with a third of the patients developing dysfunction at 11 months in a retrospective. Beta 2 microglobulin is a molecule that exists on nearly all cells that have a nucleus and to that extent is not a cause of worry. Background dialysisrelated destructive spondyloarthropathy caused by beta 2 microglobulin. This protein further functions to present antigens to cytotoxic t lymphocytes that. For a blood test, a health care professional will take a blood sample from a vein in your arm, using a small needle. This gene encodes a serum protein found in association with the major histocompatibility complex mhc class i heavy chain on the surface of nearly all nucleated cells. Guy sherwood the purpose of the bodys immune system is not only to recognize foreign antigens but also to be able to determine between self and not self. Feb 20, 2016 r egulation and m odulation of b eta 2 m icroglobulin. Systemic lupus erythematosus activity and beta two. Introduction human beta2 microglobulin b2mg is an 11. Beta 2 micro globulin level is a marker for tumors, disease, and kidney function problems.
Seric level of beta 2microglobulin in patients with active pulmonary. Common use to assist in diagnosing malignancy such as lymphoma, leukemia, or multiple myeloma. Pdf there is currently an unmet need for better biomarkers across the spectrum of renal diseases. Useful for prognosis evaluation of multiple myeloma and for evaluation. Beta 2 microglobulin normally passes through the glomerulus into the proximal tubule where much of it is reabsorbed. It is present in most body fluids and its level rises with conditions that increase cell production andor destruction, or that activate the immune system. Using immunoturbidimetry, we examined concentrations of beta2microglobulin in cerebrospinal fluid in a large group of 6274 patients with defined. Beta2 microglobulina marcador tumoral lab tests onlinees. Beta2microglobulin levels in the blood may suggest kidney disease, glomeruli dysfunction, renal tubule or disease, or dialysisrelated amyloidosis. The information on this page was automatically extracted from online scientific databases. Despite its potential role as a convenient and noninvasive prognostic indicator in malignant lymphomas, the influence of serum. When impaired, serum levels rise in inverse ratio to glomerular filtration rate. Increased amounts of beta2microglobulin are excreted in several renal disorders, e. Beta 2 microglobulin deficient mice as a model for hemachromatosis.
Pdf beta2microglobulindeficient mice as a model for. Beta2microglobulin beta 2 m is a small membrane protein 11,800 dalton associated with the heavy chains of class i major histocompatibility complex proteins and is, therefore, on the surface of all nucleated cells. It is recommended that each laboratory establish its own normal and pathological ranges of urine levels. This protein is routinely shed by cells into the blood and is present in most body fluids, with highest levels in the blood, generally lower levels in spinal fluid, and trace levels in urine in the kidneys, b2m passes through blood.
Beta2microglobulin, blood and urine definition of beta2. Beta2microglobulin general information lab order codes. Serum beta2 microglobulin, an endogenous marker for renal function, has been shown to be an independent predictor of mortality in older adults. Beta2microglobulin normally passes through the glomerulus into the proximal tubule where much of it is reabsorbed. Beta2 microglobulin levels in hemodialysis patients. It is homologous to ch 3 domain of human immunoglobulin. The problem with cancer is that the body does not recognize these malignant cells as being foreign.
It is safe to assume that a patient with a high level of beta 2 micro globulin is likely to have a low chance of surviving a cancer because this high level indicates that the cancer is both strong and has spread around the body or the organ that is affected. The present study was designed to determine the normal range of serum beta 2 microglobulin sb 2 m levels among healthy volunteers in brazil. It is the small subunit of the mhc class i molecule. Definition beta 2 microglobulin is a protein found on the surface of many cells. May 07, 2020 beta 2 microglobulin b2m is a naturally occurring protein in the human body. The identification of the beta 2microglobulin binding antigen encoded by the human cd1d gene. Beta 2 microglobulin preparation, procedure, cost, normal. Specimen serum 1 ml collected in a red or redgraytop tube or 5 ml urine from a timed collection in a clean. Beta 2 microglobulin serum online booking, disorders of. A beta 2 microglobulin test is usually a blood test, but may also be given as a 24hour urine test, or as a cerebrospinal fluid csf analysis.
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